Electronic States and Nonradiative Decay of Cold Gas-Phase Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Studied by Laser Spectroscopy with a Laser-Ablation Technique

We performed UV spectroscopy for p-coumaric acid (pCA), ferulic acid (FA), and caffeic acid (CafA) under jet-cooled gas-phase conditions by using a laser-ablation source. These molecules showed the S-1((1)pi pi*)-S-0 absorption in the 31 500-33 500 cm(-1) region. Both pCA and FA exhibited sharp vibronic bands, while CafA showed only a broad feature. The decay time profile of the (1)pi pi* state was measured by picosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, and the transient state produced through the nonradiative decay (NRD) from (1)pi pi* and its time profile were measured by nanosecond UV-deep UV pump-probe spectroscopy. The transient state was observed for pCA and FA and assigned to the T-1 state, and we concluded that the NRD process of (1)pi pi* is S-1((1)pi pi*). (1)n pi* -> T-1((3)pi pi*), similar to those of methyl cinnamate and para-substituted cinnamates such as p-hydroxy and p-methoxy methyl cinnamate. On the other hand, the transient T-1 state was not detected in CafA, and its NRD route is suggested to be S-1((1)pi pi*). (1)pi sigma* -> H atom elimination, similar to those of phenol and catechol. The effect of a hydrogen bond on the electronic state and NRD process was investigated, and it was found that the H-bonding lowers the (1)pi pi* energy and suppresses the NRD process for all the species.