Vibrational fine structures revealed by the frequency-to-time fourier transform of the transient spectrum in Bacteriorhodopsin

A vibrational progression that is hidden in a featureless spectrum of induced absorption and stimulated emission was found in time-resolved absorption change spectra. The ultrahigh time resolution of the pump-probe measurement made by using an ultrashort laser pulse localizes the wave packet along the potential multimode hyper surfaces, represented by a vibrational progression. The transition energy of the induced absorption and stimulated emission corresponds to a localized point (space) on the hyper surface, which is visited by the wave packets with fixed phases.