Effective induction, purification and characterization of Trichoderma koningii G-39 β-xylosidase with high transferase activity

A β-xylosidase was induced and purified from the culture filtrate of Trichoderma koningii G-39, grown in a medium containing 1% oat spelts xylan and 0.1% xylose. The presence of xylose unequivocally enhanced the induction of β-xylosidase. The purified enzyme, which exhibited a significant α-arabinosidase activity, was obtained with high yield simply via ethanol precipitation and a single anion-exchange chromatography and was characterized as a monomeric glycoprotein with an estimated molecular mass of 104 kDa and a pl of 4.6. The K(m) values towards p-nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl α-L-arabinopyranoside are 0.04 and 7.5 mM, respectively. It is stable at pH 2.5-7.4, 37°C. The pH and temperature optima are in the range of 3.5-4.0 and 55-60°C, respectively. Contrary to most β-xylosidases from other sources, Hg²⁺ (up to 25 mM) has no effect on enzyme activity. Xylose was shown to inhibit the purified enzyme with a moderate K(i) value of 5 mM. The enzyme exhibited transxylosylation activity and was characterized as a 'retaining' enzyme, catalysing the hydrolysis of substrate with the retention of anomeric configuration.