Double attack strategy for leukemia using a pre-targeting bispecific antibody (CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv) and actively attracting PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin to enhance anti-tumor activity

Background: Tumor-targeted nanoparticles hold great promise as new tools for therapy of liquid cancers. Furthermore, the therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticles can be improved by enhancing the cancer cellular internalization. Methods: In this study, we developed a humanized bispecific antibody (BsAbs: CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv) which retains the clinical anti-CD20 whole antibody (Ofatumumab) and is fused with an anti-mPEG single chain antibody (scFv) that can target the systemic liquid tumor cells. This combination achieves the therapeutic function and simultaneously “grabs” Lipo-Dox® (PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin, PLD) to enhance the cellular internalization and anticancer activity of PLD. Results: We successfully constructed the CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv and proved that CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv can target CD20-expressing Raji cells and simultaneously grab PEGylated liposomal DiD increasing the internalization ability up to 60% in 24 h. We further showed that the combination of CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv and PLD successfully led to a ninefold increase in tumor cytotoxicity (LC₅₀: 0.38 nM) compared to the CD20 Ab-DNS scFv and PLD (lC₅₀: 3.45 nM) in vitro. Importantly, a combination of CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv and PLD had greater anti-liquid tumor efficacy (P = 0.0005) in Raji-bearing mice than CD20 Ab-DNS scFv and PLD. Conclusion: Our results indicate that this “double-attack” strategy using CD20 Ab-mPEG scFv and PLD can retain the tumor targeting (first attack) and confer PLD tumor-selectivity (second attack) to enhance PLD internalization and improve therapeutic efficacy in liquid tumors.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].