Control of Crystal Structures and Optical Properties with Hybrid Formamidinium and 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Cations for Mesoscopic Carbon-Electrode Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Cheng Min Tsai; Yu Pei Lin; Murali Krishna Pola; Sudhakar Narra; Efat Jokar; Yaw Wen Yang; Wei-Guang Diau

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01046

Control of Crystal Structures and Optical Properties with Hybrid Formamidinium and 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Cations for Mesoscopic Carbon-Electrode Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Cheng Min Tsai, Yu Pei Lin, Murali Krishna Pola, Sudhakar Narra, Efat Jokar, Yaw Wen Yang, Wei-Guang Diau^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

22 Scopus citations

Abstract

Alcohol-based bifunctional ammonium cations, 2-hydroxyethylammonium (HEA ⁺ ), HO(CH ₂ ) ₂ NH ₃ ⁺ , were introduced into formamidinium (FA ⁺ ) tin-based perovskites (HEA _x FA _1-x SnI ₃ ; x = 0-1) to absorb light in carbon-based mesoscopic solar cells. We found that HEA ⁺ cations play a key role to control the crystal structures, the lattice structures altered from orthorhombic (x = 0) to rhombohedral (x = 0.2-0.4) with greater symmetry. When x was increased to 0.6-1.0, tin and iodide vacancies were formed to generate 3D-vacant perovskites (HEA _x FA _1-x Sn _0.67 I _2.33 , x ≥ 0.6) with a tetragonal structure. Tin-based perovskites in this series were fabricated into mesoporous solar cells using one-step drop-cast (DC), two-step solvent-extraction (SE), and SE + 3% ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDAI ₂ ) as an additive. After optimization of device performance with the SE + 3% EDAI ₂ approach, the HEA _0.4 FA _0.6 SnI ₃ (HEAI = 40%) device gave the best photovoltaic performance with J _SC = 18.52 mA cm ^-2 , V _OC = 371 mV, FF = 0.562, and overall efficiency η = 3.9% after the device was stored for a period of 340 h.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2077-2085
Number of pages	9
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	3
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01046
State	Published - 14 Sep 2018

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@article{3e48af65f512463e92959230f757dc88,

title = "Control of Crystal Structures and Optical Properties with Hybrid Formamidinium and 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Cations for Mesoscopic Carbon-Electrode Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells",

abstract = " Alcohol-based bifunctional ammonium cations, 2-hydroxyethylammonium (HEA + ), HO(CH 2 ) 2 NH 3 + , were introduced into formamidinium (FA + ) tin-based perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x SnI 3 ; x = 0-1) to absorb light in carbon-based mesoscopic solar cells. We found that HEA + cations play a key role to control the crystal structures, the lattice structures altered from orthorhombic (x = 0) to rhombohedral (x = 0.2-0.4) with greater symmetry. When x was increased to 0.6-1.0, tin and iodide vacancies were formed to generate 3D-vacant perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x Sn 0.67 I 2.33 , x ≥ 0.6) with a tetragonal structure. Tin-based perovskites in this series were fabricated into mesoporous solar cells using one-step drop-cast (DC), two-step solvent-extraction (SE), and SE + 3% ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDAI 2 ) as an additive. After optimization of device performance with the SE + 3% EDAI 2 approach, the HEA 0.4 FA 0.6 SnI 3 (HEAI = 40%) device gave the best photovoltaic performance with J SC = 18.52 mA cm -2 , V OC = 371 mV, FF = 0.562, and overall efficiency η = 3.9% after the device was stored for a period of 340 h. ",

author = "Tsai, {Cheng Min} and Lin, {Yu Pei} and Pola, {Murali Krishna} and Sudhakar Narra and Efat Jokar and Yang, {Yaw Wen} and Wei-Guang Diau",

year = "2018",

month = sep,

day = "14",

doi = "10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01046",

language = "English",

volume = "3",

pages = "2077--2085",

journal = "ACS Energy Letters",

issn = "2380-8195",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "9",

}

Control of Crystal Structures and Optical Properties with Hybrid Formamidinium and 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Cations for Mesoscopic Carbon-Electrode Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. / Tsai, Cheng Min; Lin, Yu Pei; Pola, Murali Krishna; Narra, Sudhakar; Jokar, Efat; Yang, Yaw Wen; Diau, Wei-Guang.

In: ACS Energy Letters, Vol. 3, No. 9, 14.09.2018, p. 2077-2085.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Control of Crystal Structures and Optical Properties with Hybrid Formamidinium and 2-Hydroxyethylammonium Cations for Mesoscopic Carbon-Electrode Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

AU - Tsai, Cheng Min

AU - Lin, Yu Pei

AU - Pola, Murali Krishna

AU - Narra, Sudhakar

AU - Jokar, Efat

AU - Yang, Yaw Wen

AU - Diau, Wei-Guang

PY - 2018/9/14

Y1 - 2018/9/14

N2 - Alcohol-based bifunctional ammonium cations, 2-hydroxyethylammonium (HEA + ), HO(CH 2 ) 2 NH 3 + , were introduced into formamidinium (FA + ) tin-based perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x SnI 3 ; x = 0-1) to absorb light in carbon-based mesoscopic solar cells. We found that HEA + cations play a key role to control the crystal structures, the lattice structures altered from orthorhombic (x = 0) to rhombohedral (x = 0.2-0.4) with greater symmetry. When x was increased to 0.6-1.0, tin and iodide vacancies were formed to generate 3D-vacant perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x Sn 0.67 I 2.33 , x ≥ 0.6) with a tetragonal structure. Tin-based perovskites in this series were fabricated into mesoporous solar cells using one-step drop-cast (DC), two-step solvent-extraction (SE), and SE + 3% ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDAI 2 ) as an additive. After optimization of device performance with the SE + 3% EDAI 2 approach, the HEA 0.4 FA 0.6 SnI 3 (HEAI = 40%) device gave the best photovoltaic performance with J SC = 18.52 mA cm -2 , V OC = 371 mV, FF = 0.562, and overall efficiency η = 3.9% after the device was stored for a period of 340 h.

AB - Alcohol-based bifunctional ammonium cations, 2-hydroxyethylammonium (HEA + ), HO(CH 2 ) 2 NH 3 + , were introduced into formamidinium (FA + ) tin-based perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x SnI 3 ; x = 0-1) to absorb light in carbon-based mesoscopic solar cells. We found that HEA + cations play a key role to control the crystal structures, the lattice structures altered from orthorhombic (x = 0) to rhombohedral (x = 0.2-0.4) with greater symmetry. When x was increased to 0.6-1.0, tin and iodide vacancies were formed to generate 3D-vacant perovskites (HEA x FA 1-x Sn 0.67 I 2.33 , x ≥ 0.6) with a tetragonal structure. Tin-based perovskites in this series were fabricated into mesoporous solar cells using one-step drop-cast (DC), two-step solvent-extraction (SE), and SE + 3% ethylenediammonium diiodide (EDAI 2 ) as an additive. After optimization of device performance with the SE + 3% EDAI 2 approach, the HEA 0.4 FA 0.6 SnI 3 (HEAI = 40%) device gave the best photovoltaic performance with J SC = 18.52 mA cm -2 , V OC = 371 mV, FF = 0.562, and overall efficiency η = 3.9% after the device was stored for a period of 340 h.

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DO - 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01046

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JO - ACS Energy Letters

JF - ACS Energy Letters

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